Within the greater Yellowstone ecosystem, Absaroka Fence Initiative volunteers have been banding together over the past year to take down or modify old barbed wire fencing that can represent barriers and even death by 5,000 cuts to migrating wildlife. Scientists estimate more than 600,000 miles of fences crisscross the rural west, and land managers and conservation groups are urging their removal. Ecologists say migration of pronghorn, deer, elk and bighorn sheep is vital to making the Yellowstone ecosystem run. As well as the United States west, fence ecology researches the wildlife impact of fences in areas in Africa, South America, eastern Europe, and the US-Mexico border.

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